Homeowner guide
Refrigerants explained
The refrigerant in your system has changed a few times over the years because of environmental rules. Here's what's in your system and what the changes mean for you.
R-22 (Freon)
Used in most systems installed before 2010. R-22 hasn't been produced or imported in the U.S. since 2020, so what's left is recycled or stockpiled, and it's expensive. R-22 systems can keep running, but a large leak is often a reason to replace.
R-410A (Puron)
The standard for systems installed from about 2010 to 2025. New complete R-410A systems are no longer being manufactured. Under an EPA rule update that took effect July 27, 2026, R-410A equipment already built can still be installed until supplies run out, and R-410A remains available to service existing systems.
R-454B and R-32
The newer refrigerants in most new systems. They're better for the environment and work much like R-410A. They're rated mildly flammable, so the equipment is built with extra safety features, and technicians follow specific handling rules.
What it means for you
- You don't need to replace a working R-410A system.
- If your system needs refrigerant often, it has a leak. Adding refrigerant without fixing the leak just postpones the problem.
- If an older system needs a major refrigerant repair, compare it against replacing. See Repair or replace?.